three hundred

trĕcēni ( tercēni, Eum. Rest. Schol. 11), ae, a ( gen. plur. trecenorum, Liv. 7, 25:

trecenūm,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 7, 3), num. distr. adj. [tres-centum].

Lit., three hundred each, three hundred distributively:

treceni equites in singulis legionibus,

Liv. 39, 38, 11; 8, 8, 14:

familiae in singulas colonias,

id. 32, 29, 4:

nummi in capita Romana,

id. 22, 52, 3.—Of an indefinitely large number:

non si trecenis, quotquot eunt dies, Amice, places illacrimabilem Plutona tauris,

Hor. C. 2, 14, 5. —

Transf., in gen., three hundred:

vivere ducenis annis et quosdam trecenis,

Plin. 8, 10, 10, § 28.

trĕcēnārĭus ( TERCENARIVS, Inscr. Grut. 387, 8; 417, 5), a, um, adj. num. [treceni].

Of or belonging to three hundred: vites, i. e. that yield three hundred amphorae of wine to the juger, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 7. —

A soldier whose pay is three hundred sestertia (cf. ducenarius), Inscr. Grut. 365, 6; 387, 8; 417, 5.

trĕcēni ( tercēni, Eum. Rest. Schol. 11), ae, a ( gen. plur. trecenorum, Liv. 7, 25:

trecenūm,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 7, 3), num. distr. adj. [tres-centum].

Lit., three hundred each, three hundred distributively:

treceni equites in singulis legionibus,

Liv. 39, 38, 11; 8, 8, 14:

familiae in singulas colonias,

id. 32, 29, 4:

nummi in capita Romana,

id. 22, 52, 3.—Of an indefinitely large number:

non si trecenis, quotquot eunt dies, Amice, places illacrimabilem Plutona tauris,

Hor. C. 2, 14, 5. —

Transf., in gen., three hundred:

vivere ducenis annis et quosdam trecenis,

Plin. 8, 10, 10, § 28.

* * *

alter, tĕra, tĕrum, adj. (the measure of the gen. sing. āltĕrĭŭs as paeon primus is supported in good Latin only by examples from dactylic verse (but see alterĭus in trochaic measure, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 56), in which īpsĭŭs, īllĭŭs, īstĭŭs, ūnĭŭs, etc., are used as dactyls; on the contr., the regular measure āltĕrīŭs, as ditrochaeus, is sufficiently confirmed by the foll. verses of Enn., Ter., and Ter. Maur.: mox cum alterīus abligurias bona, Enn. ap. Donat. ad Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 25 (Sat. 29 Vahl.):

alterīus sua comparent commoda? ah!

Ter. And. 4, 1, 4:

nec alter[imacracute]us indigéns opís veni,

Ter. Maur. p. 2432 P.;

and sescupló vel una víncet alter[imacracute]us singulum,

id. ib. p. 2412 ib.; Prisc. p. 695 ib.; alterius is also commonly used as the gen. of alius, as alīus is little used (v. h. v. fin.).— Dat. sing. f.:

alterae,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 45; Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 30; Caes. B. G. 5, 27; Nep. Eum. 1, 6; Col. 5, 11, 10) [a comp. form of al-ius; cf. Sanscr. antara = alius; Goth. anthar; Lith. antras = secundus; Germ. ander; Gr. heteros; Engl. either, other; also Sanscr. itara = alius], the other of two, one of two, the other, ho heteros.

Lit.

In gen.:

nam huic alterae patria quae sit, profecto nescio,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 45:

necesse est enim sit alterum de duobus,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 97:

altera ex duabus legionibus,

Caes. B. C. 2, 20: mihi cum viris ambobus est amicitia;

cum altero vero magnus usus,

Cic. Clu. 42, 117:

alter consulum,

Liv. 40, 59:

alter ex censoribus,

id. 40, 52:

in alterā parte fluminis legatum reliquit,

on the other side, Caes. B. G. 2, 5; id. B. C. 3, 54:

si quis te percusserit in dexteram maxillam tuam, praebe illi et alteram,

Vulg. Matt. 5, 39; 28, 1.—Hence: alter ambove, one or both; commonly in the abbreviation:

A. A. S. E. V. = alter ambove si eis videretur: utique C. Pansa, A. Hirtius consules alter ambove S. E. V. rationem agri habeant,

Cic. Phil. 5 fin. Wernsd.; cf. id. ib. 8, 11; 9, 7 fin.; 14, 14 fin.; cf.

Brison. Form. pp. 218 and 219: absente consulum altero ambobusve,

Liv. 30, 23: ambo alterve, S. C. ap. Front. Aquaed. 100 fin. —

Esp.

a.. In distributive clauses: alter... alter, the one... the other (cf. alius, II. A.): ho heteros... ho heteros:

Si duobus praefurniis coques, lacunā nihil opus erit. Cum cinere eruto opus erit, altero praefurnio eruito, in altero ignis erit,

Cato, R. R. 38, 9:

alteram ille amat sororem, ego alteram,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 68; id. Am. 1, 2, 19; 1, 2, 20; Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 50:

quorum alter exercitum perdidit, alter vendidit,

Cic. Planc. 35; so id. Rosc. Am. 6, 16: namque alterā ex parte Bellovaci instabant;

alteram Camulogenus tenebat,

Caes. B. G. 7, 59 Herz.:

conjunxit alteram (cortinam) alteri,

Vulg. Exod. 36, 10; 36, 22; ib. Joan. 13, 14; ib. Rom. 12, 5.—

In same sense, unus... alter, one... the other, as in later Gr. heis men... heteros de: vitis insitio una est per ver, altera est cum uva floret;

ea optima est,

Cato, R. R. 41, 1: Phorm. Una injuria est tecum. Chrem. Lege agito ergo. Phorm. Altera est tecum, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 90: uni epistolae respondi;

venio ad alteram,

Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 6:

nomen uni Ada, et nomen alteri Sella,

Vulg. Gen. 4, 19; ib. Matt. 6, 24:

Erant duae factiones, quarum una populi causam agebat, altera optimatium,

Nep. Phoc. 3, 1; Liv. 31, 21:

consules coepere duo creari, ut si unus malus esse voluisset, alter eum coërceret,

Eutr. 1, 8:

Duo homines ascenderunt in templum, unus pharisaeus et alter publicanus,

Vulg. Luc. 18, 10 al. —

Sometimes a subst., or hic, ille, etc., stands in the place of the second alter:

Epaminondas... Leonidas: quorum alter, etc... Leonidas autem, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 2, 30, 97; so Vell. 2, 71, 3:

alter gladiator habetur, hic autem, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 6, 17:

quorum alteri Capitoni cognomen est, iste, qui adest, magnus vocatur,

id. ib.:

alterum corporis aegritudo, illum, etc.,

Flor. 4, 7.—Sometimes

one alter is entirely omitted (cf. alius, II. A.; heteros, L. and S. I. 2.):

duae turmae haesere: altera metu dedita hosti, pertinacior (sc. altera), etc.,

Liv. 29, 33:

hujus lateris alter angulus ad orientem solem, inferior ad meridiem spectat,

Caes. B. G. 5, 13; or

the form changed:

dialecticam adjungunt et physicam, alteram quod habeat rationem.... Physicae quoque etc.,

Cic. Fin. 3, 21, 72, and 3, 22, 73. —Sometimes a further distributive word is added:

alter adulescens decessit, alter senex, aliquis praeter hos infans,

Sen. Ep. 66, 39:

alter in vincula ducitur, alter insperatae praeficitur potestati, alius etc.,

Amm. 14, 11.—

In plur.: nec ad vivos pertineat, nec ad mortuos;

alteri nulli sunt, alteros non attinget,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 38, 91:

alteri dimicant, alteri victorem timent,

id. Fam. 6, 3: binas a te accepi litteras; quarum alteris mihi gratulabare... alteris dicebas etc., in one of which,... in the other, id. ib. 4, 14:

quorum alteri adjuvabant, alteri etc.,

Caes. B. G. 7, 17: duplices similitudines, unae rerum, alterae verborum, Auct. ad Her. 3, 20. —

The second alter in a different case:

alter alterius ova frangit,

Cic. N. D. 2, 49:

uterque numerus plenus, alter alterā de causā habetur,

Macr. Somn. Scip. 2:

qui noxii ambo, alter in alterum causam conferant,

Liv. 5, 11:

alteri alteros aliquantum attriverant,

Sall. J. 79, 4; so id. ib. 42, 4;

53, 7 al. —Also with alteruter: ne alteruter alterum praeoccuparet,

Nep. Dion. 4, 1.—With unus:

quom inter nos sorderemus unus alteri,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 30:

dicunt unus ad alterum,

Vulg. Ez. 33, 30:

ne unus adversus alterum infletur pro alio,

ib. 1 Cor. 4, 6.—With uterque:

uterque suo studio delectatus contempsit alterum,

Cic. Off. 1, 1, 4:

utrique alteris freti finitimos sub imperium suum coëgere,

Sall. J. 18, 12.—With nemo, nullus, neuter:

ut nemo sit alteri similis,

Quint. 2, 9, 2:

cum tot saeculis nulla referta sit causa, quae esset tota alteri similis,

id. 7, prooem. 4:

neutrum eorum contra alterum juvare,

Caes. B. C. 1, 1, 3:

ut neutra alteri officiat,

Quint. 1, 1, 3.—After two substt., the first alter generally refers to the first subst., and the second to the second:

Philippum rebus gestis superatum a filio, facilitate video superiorem fuisse. Itaque alter semper magnus, alter saepe turpissimus,

Cic. Off. 1, 26; cf. Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 21; Brem. ad Suet. Claud. 20.—Sometimes the order is reversed: contra nos (summa gratia et eloquentia) raciunt in hoc tempore;

quarum alteram (i. e. eloquentiam) vereor, alteram (i. e. gratiam) metuo,

Cic. Quinct. 1; so id. Off. 3, 18; 1, 12; cf. Spald. ad Quint. 9, 2, 6.—

As a numeral = secundus, the second, the next, o heteros:

primo die, alter dies, tertius dies, deinde reliquis diebus etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 7:

proximo, altero, tertio, reliquis consecutis diebus non intermittebas etc.,

id. Phil. 1, 13 Wernsd.:

quadriennio post alterum consulatum,

id. Sen. 9:

die altero,

Vulg. Jos. 10, 32: alteris Te mensis adhibet deum, i. e. at the dessert (= mensā secundā), Hor. C. 4, 5, 31.—So, alterā die, the next day, têi allêi hêmerai, têi heterai:

se alterā die ad conloquium venturum,

Caes. B. C. 3, 19; Vulg. Gen. 19, 34; ib. Matt. 27, 62:

die altero,

ib. Num. 11, 32; ib. Jos. 5, 11 al.—So in comparative sense:

alterā die quam a Brindisio solvit, in Macedoniam trajecit,

Liv. 31, 14; Suet. Vit. 3:

intermittere diem alterum quemque oportet,

every other day, Cels. 3, 23; 3, 13; 4, 12:

Olea non continuis annis, sed fere altero quoque fructum adfert,

Col. R. R. 5, 8.—With prepp.:

qui (Ptolemaeus) tum regnabat alter post Alexandream conditam,

next after, Cic. Off. 2, 23, 82; so, fortunate puer, tu nunc eris alter ab illo, the second or next after him, Verg. E. 5, 49:

alter ab undecimo jam tum me ceperat annus,

id. ib. 8, 39.—Hence,

Also with tens, hundreds, etc.:

accepi tuas litteras, quas mihi Cornificius altero vicesimo die reddidit,

on the twenty-second day, Cic. Fam. 12, 25 Manut.:

anno trecentesimo altero quam condita Roma erat,

in the three hundred and second year, Liv. 3, 33:

vicesima et altera laedit,

Manil. 4, 466.—

So of a number collectively:

remissarios pedum XII., alteros pedum X.,

a second ten, Cato, R. R. 19, 2:

ad Brutum hos libros alteros quinque mittemus,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 41, 121:

basia mille, deinde centum, dein mille altera, dein secunda centum,

Cat. 5, 7.—So with the numeral understood: aurea mala decem misi;

cras altera (sc. decem) mittam,

a second ten, Verg. E. 3, 71.—Hence,

Unus et alter, unus atque alter, unus alterque, the one and the other.

For two (as in Gr. heis kai heteros):

unus et alter dies intercesserat,

Cic. Clu. 26:

adductus sum tuis unis et alteris litteris,

id. Att. 14, 18:

et sub eā versus unus et alter erunt,

Ov. H. 15, 182; so Suet. Tib. 63; id. Calig. 56; id. Claud. 12 (cf. id. Gram. 24: unum vel alterum, vel, cum plurimos, tres aut quattuor admittere).—

More freq. of an indef. number, one and another; and: unusalterve, one or two:

Unus et item alter,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 50:

mora si quem tibi item unum alterumve diem abstulerit,

Cic. Fam. 3, 9; so id. Clu. 13, 38; 13, 26:

versus paulo concinnior unus et alter,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 74; so id. S. 1, 6, 102; 2, 5, 24; id. A. P. 15:

ex illis unus et alter ait,

Ov. F. 2, 394; id. Am. 2, 5, 22; Petr. 108; Plin. Pan. 45 Schwarz; cf. id. ib. 52, 2; Suet. Caes. 20; id. Galb. 14 al.:

paucis loricae, vix uni alterive cassis aut galea,

Tac. G. 6.—

Alterum tantum, as much more or again, twice as much (cf. Gr. heteron tosouton or hetera tosauta):

etiamsi alterum tantum perdundum est, perdam potius quam sinam, etc.,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 81; so id. Bacch. 5, 2, 65:

altero tanto aut sesqui major,

Cic. Or. 56, 188:

altero tanto longior,

Nep. Eum. 8, 5; so Dig. 28, 2, 13:

numero tantum alterum adjecit,

Liv. 1, 36; so id. 10, 46; Auct. B. Hisp. 30; Dig. 49, 14, 3 al.—

Alteri totidem, as many more:

de alteris totidem scribere incipiamus,

Varr. L. L. 8, 24 Müll. —

To mark the similarity of one object to another in qualities, etc., a second, another (as in English, a second father, my second self, and the like). So,

With a proper name, used as an appellative (cf. alius, II. G.):

Verres, alter Orcus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50:

alterum se Verrem putabat,

id. ib. 5, 33 fin.:

Hamilcar, Mars alter,

Liv. 21, 10.—

With a com. noun:

me sicut alterum parentem observat,

Cic. Fam. 5, 8:

altera patria,

Flor. 2, 6, 42 al. —

Alter ego, a second self, of very intimate friends (in the class. per. perh. only in Cic. Ep.; cf. ho hetairos, heteros egô, Clem. Al. 450):

vide quam mihi persuaserim te me esse alterum,

Cic. Fam. 7, 5:

me alterum se fore dixit,

id. Att. 4, 1:

quoniam alterum me reliquissem,

id. Fam. 2, 15; Aus. praef. 2, 15.—

Alter idem, a second self, like heteroi hautoi, Arist. Eth. M. 8, 12, 3 (on account of the singularity of the expression, introduced by tamquam):

amicus est tamquam alter idem,

Cic. Lael. 21, 82.—

The one of two, either of two, without a more precise designation, for alteruter:

non uterque sed alter,

Cic. Ac. 2, 43, 132:

fortasse utrumque, alterum certe,

id. Att. 11, 18:

melius peribimus quam sine alteris vestrūm vivemus,

Liv. 1, 13:

nec rogarem, ut mea de vobis altera amica foret,

Ov. A. A. 3, 520:

ex duobus, quorum alterum petis, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 3:

ex duobus (quorum necesse est alterum verum), etc.,

Quint. 5, 10, 69:

ac si necesse est in alteram errare partem, maluerim etc.,

id. 10, 1, 26; 1, 4, 24; 9, 3, 6 al.—Once also with a negative, neither of two: hos, tamquam medios, [p. 98] nec in alterius favorem inclinatos, miserat rex, Liv. 40, 20, 4.—

Transf.

Another of a class = alius (as opp. to one's self, to another); subst., another, a neighbor, a fellow-creature, ho pelas (so sometimes heteros, Xen. Cyr. 2, 3, 17); cf. Ochsn. Eclog. 90 and 458 (alter designates the similarity of two objects; alius a difference in the objects contrasted): SI. INIVRIAM. FAXIT. ALTERI., Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1:

qui alterum incusat probri, eum ipsum se intueri oportet,

Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 58; id. Am. prol. 84: mox dum alterius abligurias bona, quid censes dominis esse animi? Enn. ap. Don. ad Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 25:

ut malis gaudeant atque ex incommodis Alterius sua ut comparent commoda,

Ter. And. 4, 1, 3: qui alteris exitium paret, etc., Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 39:

qui nihil alterius causā facit et metitur suis commodis omnia,

Cic. Leg. 1, 14:

ut aeque quisque altero delectetur ac se ipso,

id. Off. 1, 17, 56; 1, 2, 4:

scientem in errorem alterum inducere,

id. ib. 3, 13, 55 et saep.:

cave ne portus occupet alter,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 32 Schmid.:

nil obstet tibi, dum ne sit te ditior alter,

id. S. 1, 1, 40; 1, 5, 33:

canis parturiens cum rogāsset alteram, ut etc.,

Phaedr. 1, 19:

nec patientem sessoris alterius (equum) primus ascendit,

Suet. Caes. 61; id. Tib. 58:

in quo judicas alterum, te ipsum condemnas,

Vulg. Rom. 2, 1:

nemo quod suum est quaerat, sed quod alterius,

ib. 1 Cor. 10, 24;

14, 17: sic in semet ipso tantum gloriam habebit et non in altero,

ib. Gal. 6, 4 al. —Hence, alter with a neg., or neg. question and comp., as an emphatic expression (mostly ante-class.; cf.

alius, II. H.): scelestiorem nullum illuxere alterum,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 22:

scelestiorem in terrā nullam esse alteram,

id. Cist. 4, 1, 8:

qui me alter audacior est homo?

id. Am. 1, 1, 1; id. Ep. 1, 1, 24.—

The other, the opposite:

alterius factionis principes,

the leaders of the opposite party, Nep. Pelop. 1, 4 (cf. id. ib. 1, 2:

adversariae factioni): studiosiorem partis alterius,

Suet. Tib. 11. —

In gen., different:

quotiens te speculo videris alterum,

Hor. C. 4, 10, 6: abeuntes post carnem alteram (Gr. heteros, q. v. L. and S. III.), Vulg. Jud. 7.—

In the lang. of augury, euphem. for infaustus, unfavorable, unpropitious, Fest. p. 6 (v. L. and S. Gr. Lex. s. v. heteros, III. 2.).

alterius commonly serves as gen. of alius instead of alīus, Cic. Fam. 15, 1, 1; id. Att. 1, 5, 1; 1, 20, 2; Caes. B. G. 1, 36, 1; Sall. C. 52, 8; Liv. 21, 13, 3; 22, 14, 4; 26, 8, 2; 28, 37, 6 al.; Col. 8, 17, 2; 11, 2, 87; 12, 22, 2; Sen. Ep. 72, 10; 102, 3; id. Ben. 4, 3, 1; id. Ot. Sap. 4, 1; id. Brev. Vit. 16, 2; id. Q. N. 2, 34, 1 al.; Quint. 7, 9, 8; 8, 3, 73 al.; Tac. A. 15, 25; id. H. 2, 90; Plin. Ep. 10, 114, 2; Suet. Caes. 61; id. Tib. 58 al.; Gell. 2, 28 al.—It also stands as correlative to alius:

alius inter cenandum solutus est, alterius continuata mors somno est,

Sen. Ep. 66, 39:

cum inventum sit ex veris (gemmis) generis alterius in aliud falsas traducere,

Plin. 37, 12, 75, § 197; Plin. Pan. 2, 6 (Neue, Formenl. II. p. 216).

[alter], for alias, acc. to Paul. ex. Fest. p. 27 Müll.

alter, tĕra, tĕrum, adj. (the measure of the gen. sing. āltĕrĭŭs as paeon primus is supported in good Latin only by examples from dactylic verse (but see alterĭus in trochaic measure, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 56), in which īpsĭŭs, īllĭŭs, īstĭŭs, ūnĭŭs, etc., are used as dactyls; on the contr., the regular measure āltĕrīŭs, as ditrochaeus, is sufficiently confirmed by the foll. verses of Enn., Ter., and Ter. Maur.: mox cum alterīus abligurias bona, Enn. ap. Donat. ad Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 25 (Sat. 29 Vahl.):

alterīus sua comparent commoda? ah!

Ter. And. 4, 1, 4:

nec alter[imacracute]us indigéns opís veni,

Ter. Maur. p. 2432 P.;

and sescupló vel una víncet alter[imacracute]us singulum,

id. ib. p. 2412 ib.; Prisc. p. 695 ib.; alterius is also commonly used as the gen. of alius, as alīus is little used (v. h. v. fin.).— Dat. sing. f.:

alterae,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 45; Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 30; Caes. B. G. 5, 27; Nep. Eum. 1, 6; Col. 5, 11, 10) [a comp. form of al-ius; cf. Sanscr. antara = alius; Goth. anthar; Lith. antras = secundus; Germ. ander; Gr. heteros; Engl. either, other; also Sanscr. itara = alius], the other of two, one of two, the other, ho heteros.

Lit.

In gen.:

nam huic alterae patria quae sit, profecto nescio,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 45:

necesse est enim sit alterum de duobus,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 97:

altera ex duabus legionibus,

Caes. B. C. 2, 20: mihi cum viris ambobus est amicitia;

cum altero vero magnus usus,

Cic. Clu. 42, 117:

alter consulum,

Liv. 40, 59:

alter ex censoribus,

id. 40, 52:

in alterā parte fluminis legatum reliquit,

on the other side, Caes. B. G. 2, 5; id. B. C. 3, 54:

si quis te percusserit in dexteram maxillam tuam, praebe illi et alteram,

Vulg. Matt. 5, 39; 28, 1.—Hence: alter ambove, one or both; commonly in the abbreviation:

A. A. S. E. V. = alter ambove si eis videretur: utique C. Pansa, A. Hirtius consules alter ambove S. E. V. rationem agri habeant,

Cic. Phil. 5 fin. Wernsd.; cf. id. ib. 8, 11; 9, 7 fin.; 14, 14 fin.; cf.

Brison. Form. pp. 218 and 219: absente consulum altero ambobusve,

Liv. 30, 23: ambo alterve, S. C. ap. Front. Aquaed. 100 fin. —

Esp.

a.. In distributive clauses: alter... alter, the one... the other (cf. alius, II. A.): ho heteros... ho heteros:

Si duobus praefurniis coques, lacunā nihil opus erit. Cum cinere eruto opus erit, altero praefurnio eruito, in altero ignis erit,

Cato, R. R. 38, 9:

alteram ille amat sororem, ego alteram,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 68; id. Am. 1, 2, 19; 1, 2, 20; Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 50:

quorum alter exercitum perdidit, alter vendidit,

Cic. Planc. 35; so id. Rosc. Am. 6, 16: namque alterā ex parte Bellovaci instabant;

alteram Camulogenus tenebat,

Caes. B. G. 7, 59 Herz.:

conjunxit alteram (cortinam) alteri,

Vulg. Exod. 36, 10; 36, 22; ib. Joan. 13, 14; ib. Rom. 12, 5.—

In same sense, unus... alter, one... the other, as in later Gr. heis men... heteros de: vitis insitio una est per ver, altera est cum uva floret;

ea optima est,

Cato, R. R. 41, 1: Phorm. Una injuria est tecum. Chrem. Lege agito ergo. Phorm. Altera est tecum, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 90: uni epistolae respondi;

venio ad alteram,

Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 6:

nomen uni Ada, et nomen alteri Sella,

Vulg. Gen. 4, 19; ib. Matt. 6, 24:

Erant duae factiones, quarum una populi causam agebat, altera optimatium,

Nep. Phoc. 3, 1; Liv. 31, 21:

consules coepere duo creari, ut si unus malus esse voluisset, alter eum coërceret,

Eutr. 1, 8:

Duo homines ascenderunt in templum, unus pharisaeus et alter publicanus,

Vulg. Luc. 18, 10 al. —

Sometimes a subst., or hic, ille, etc., stands in the place of the second alter:

Epaminondas... Leonidas: quorum alter, etc... Leonidas autem, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 2, 30, 97; so Vell. 2, 71, 3:

alter gladiator habetur, hic autem, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 6, 17:

quorum alteri Capitoni cognomen est, iste, qui adest, magnus vocatur,

id. ib.:

alterum corporis aegritudo, illum, etc.,

Flor. 4, 7.—Sometimes

one alter is entirely omitted (cf. alius, II. A.; heteros, L. and S. I. 2.):

duae turmae haesere: altera metu dedita hosti, pertinacior (sc. altera), etc.,

Liv. 29, 33:

hujus lateris alter angulus ad orientem solem, inferior ad meridiem spectat,

Caes. B. G. 5, 13; or

the form changed:

dialecticam adjungunt et physicam, alteram quod habeat rationem.... Physicae quoque etc.,

Cic. Fin. 3, 21, 72, and 3, 22, 73. —Sometimes a further distributive word is added:

alter adulescens decessit, alter senex, aliquis praeter hos infans,

Sen. Ep. 66, 39:

alter in vincula ducitur, alter insperatae praeficitur potestati, alius etc.,

Amm. 14, 11.—

In plur.: nec ad vivos pertineat, nec ad mortuos;

alteri nulli sunt, alteros non attinget,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 38, 91:

alteri dimicant, alteri victorem timent,

id. Fam. 6, 3: binas a te accepi litteras; quarum alteris mihi gratulabare... alteris dicebas etc., in one of which,... in the other, id. ib. 4, 14:

quorum alteri adjuvabant, alteri etc.,

Caes. B. G. 7, 17: duplices similitudines, unae rerum, alterae verborum, Auct. ad Her. 3, 20. —

The second alter in a different case:

alter alterius ova frangit,

Cic. N. D. 2, 49:

uterque numerus plenus, alter alterā de causā habetur,

Macr. Somn. Scip. 2:

qui noxii ambo, alter in alterum causam conferant,

Liv. 5, 11:

alteri alteros aliquantum attriverant,

Sall. J. 79, 4; so id. ib. 42, 4;

53, 7 al. —Also with alteruter: ne alteruter alterum praeoccuparet,

Nep. Dion. 4, 1.—With unus:

quom inter nos sorderemus unus alteri,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 30:

dicunt unus ad alterum,

Vulg. Ez. 33, 30:

ne unus adversus alterum infletur pro alio,

ib. 1 Cor. 4, 6.—With uterque:

uterque suo studio delectatus contempsit alterum,

Cic. Off. 1, 1, 4:

utrique alteris freti finitimos sub imperium suum coëgere,

Sall. J. 18, 12.—With nemo, nullus, neuter:

ut nemo sit alteri similis,

Quint. 2, 9, 2:

cum tot saeculis nulla referta sit causa, quae esset tota alteri similis,

id. 7, prooem. 4:

neutrum eorum contra alterum juvare,

Caes. B. C. 1, 1, 3:

ut neutra alteri officiat,

Quint. 1, 1, 3.—After two substt., the first alter generally refers to the first subst., and the second to the second:

Philippum rebus gestis superatum a filio, facilitate video superiorem fuisse. Itaque alter semper magnus, alter saepe turpissimus,

Cic. Off. 1, 26; cf. Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 21; Brem. ad Suet. Claud. 20.—Sometimes the order is reversed: contra nos (summa gratia et eloquentia) raciunt in hoc tempore;

quarum alteram (i. e. eloquentiam) vereor, alteram (i. e. gratiam) metuo,

Cic. Quinct. 1; so id. Off. 3, 18; 1, 12; cf. Spald. ad Quint. 9, 2, 6.—

As a numeral = secundus, the second, the next, o heteros:

primo die, alter dies, tertius dies, deinde reliquis diebus etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 7:

proximo, altero, tertio, reliquis consecutis diebus non intermittebas etc.,

id. Phil. 1, 13 Wernsd.:

quadriennio post alterum consulatum,

id. Sen. 9:

die altero,

Vulg. Jos. 10, 32: alteris Te mensis adhibet deum, i. e. at the dessert (= mensā secundā), Hor. C. 4, 5, 31.—So, alterā die, the next day, têi allêi hêmerai, têi heterai:

se alterā die ad conloquium venturum,

Caes. B. C. 3, 19; Vulg. Gen. 19, 34; ib. Matt. 27, 62:

die altero,

ib. Num. 11, 32; ib. Jos. 5, 11 al.—So in comparative sense:

alterā die quam a Brindisio solvit, in Macedoniam trajecit,

Liv. 31, 14; Suet. Vit. 3:

intermittere diem alterum quemque oportet,

every other day, Cels. 3, 23; 3, 13; 4, 12:

Olea non continuis annis, sed fere altero quoque fructum adfert,

Col. R. R. 5, 8.—With prepp.:

qui (Ptolemaeus) tum regnabat alter post Alexandream conditam,

next after, Cic. Off. 2, 23, 82; so, fortunate puer, tu nunc eris alter ab illo, the second or next after him, Verg. E. 5, 49:

alter ab undecimo jam tum me ceperat annus,

id. ib. 8, 39.—Hence,

Also with tens, hundreds, etc.:

accepi tuas litteras, quas mihi Cornificius altero vicesimo die reddidit,

on the twenty-second day, Cic. Fam. 12, 25 Manut.:

anno trecentesimo altero quam condita Roma erat,

in the three hundred and second year, Liv. 3, 33:

vicesima et altera laedit,

Manil. 4, 466.—

So of a number collectively:

remissarios pedum XII., alteros pedum X.,

a second ten, Cato, R. R. 19, 2:

ad Brutum hos libros alteros quinque mittemus,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 41, 121:

basia mille, deinde centum, dein mille altera, dein secunda centum,

Cat. 5, 7.—So with the numeral understood: aurea mala decem misi;

cras altera (sc. decem) mittam,

a second ten, Verg. E. 3, 71.—Hence,

Unus et alter, unus atque alter, unus alterque, the one and the other.

For two (as in Gr. heis kai heteros):

unus et alter dies intercesserat,

Cic. Clu. 26:

adductus sum tuis unis et alteris litteris,

id. Att. 14, 18:

et sub eā versus unus et alter erunt,

Ov. H. 15, 182; so Suet. Tib. 63; id. Calig. 56; id. Claud. 12 (cf. id. Gram. 24: unum vel alterum, vel, cum plurimos, tres aut quattuor admittere).—

More freq. of an indef. number, one and another; and: unusalterve, one or two:

Unus et item alter,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 50:

mora si quem tibi item unum alterumve diem abstulerit,

Cic. Fam. 3, 9; so id. Clu. 13, 38; 13, 26:

versus paulo concinnior unus et alter,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 74; so id. S. 1, 6, 102; 2, 5, 24; id. A. P. 15:

ex illis unus et alter ait,

Ov. F. 2, 394; id. Am. 2, 5, 22; Petr. 108; Plin. Pan. 45 Schwarz; cf. id. ib. 52, 2; Suet. Caes. 20; id. Galb. 14 al.:

paucis loricae, vix uni alterive cassis aut galea,

Tac. G. 6.—

Alterum tantum, as much more or again, twice as much (cf. Gr. heteron tosouton or hetera tosauta):

etiamsi alterum tantum perdundum est, perdam potius quam sinam, etc.,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 81; so id. Bacch. 5, 2, 65:

altero tanto aut sesqui major,

Cic. Or. 56, 188:

altero tanto longior,

Nep. Eum. 8, 5; so Dig. 28, 2, 13:

numero tantum alterum adjecit,

Liv. 1, 36; so id. 10, 46; Auct. B. Hisp. 30; Dig. 49, 14, 3 al.—

Alteri totidem, as many more:

de alteris totidem scribere incipiamus,

Varr. L. L. 8, 24 Müll. —

To mark the similarity of one object to another in qualities, etc., a second, another (as in English, a second father, my second self, and the like). So,

With a proper name, used as an appellative (cf. alius, II. G.):

Verres, alter Orcus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50:

alterum se Verrem putabat,

id. ib. 5, 33 fin.:

Hamilcar, Mars alter,

Liv. 21, 10.—

With a com. noun:

me sicut alterum parentem observat,

Cic. Fam. 5, 8:

altera patria,

Flor. 2, 6, 42 al. —

Alter ego, a second self, of very intimate friends (in the class. per. perh. only in Cic. Ep.; cf. ho hetairos, heteros egô, Clem. Al. 450):

vide quam mihi persuaserim te me esse alterum,

Cic. Fam. 7, 5:

me alterum se fore dixit,

id. Att. 4, 1:

quoniam alterum me reliquissem,

id. Fam. 2, 15; Aus. praef. 2, 15.—

Alter idem, a second self, like heteroi hautoi, Arist. Eth. M. 8, 12, 3 (on account of the singularity of the expression, introduced by tamquam):

amicus est tamquam alter idem,

Cic. Lael. 21, 82.—

The one of two, either of two, without a more precise designation, for alteruter:

non uterque sed alter,

Cic. Ac. 2, 43, 132:

fortasse utrumque, alterum certe,

id. Att. 11, 18:

melius peribimus quam sine alteris vestrūm vivemus,

Liv. 1, 13:

nec rogarem, ut mea de vobis altera amica foret,

Ov. A. A. 3, 520:

ex duobus, quorum alterum petis, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 3:

ex duobus (quorum necesse est alterum verum), etc.,

Quint. 5, 10, 69:

ac si necesse est in alteram errare partem, maluerim etc.,

id. 10, 1, 26; 1, 4, 24; 9, 3, 6 al.—Once also with a negative, neither of two: hos, tamquam medios, [p. 98] nec in alterius favorem inclinatos, miserat rex, Liv. 40, 20, 4.—

Transf.

Another of a class = alius (as opp. to one's self, to another); subst., another, a neighbor, a fellow-creature, ho pelas (so sometimes heteros, Xen. Cyr. 2, 3, 17); cf. Ochsn. Eclog. 90 and 458 (alter designates the similarity of two objects; alius a difference in the objects contrasted): SI. INIVRIAM. FAXIT. ALTERI., Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1:

qui alterum incusat probri, eum ipsum se intueri oportet,

Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 58; id. Am. prol. 84: mox dum alterius abligurias bona, quid censes dominis esse animi? Enn. ap. Don. ad Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 25:

ut malis gaudeant atque ex incommodis Alterius sua ut comparent commoda,

Ter. And. 4, 1, 3: qui alteris exitium paret, etc., Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 39:

qui nihil alterius causā facit et metitur suis commodis omnia,

Cic. Leg. 1, 14:

ut aeque quisque altero delectetur ac se ipso,

id. Off. 1, 17, 56; 1, 2, 4:

scientem in errorem alterum inducere,

id. ib. 3, 13, 55 et saep.:

cave ne portus occupet alter,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 32 Schmid.:

nil obstet tibi, dum ne sit te ditior alter,

id. S. 1, 1, 40; 1, 5, 33:

canis parturiens cum rogāsset alteram, ut etc.,

Phaedr. 1, 19:

nec patientem sessoris alterius (equum) primus ascendit,

Suet. Caes. 61; id. Tib. 58:

in quo judicas alterum, te ipsum condemnas,

Vulg. Rom. 2, 1:

nemo quod suum est quaerat, sed quod alterius,

ib. 1 Cor. 10, 24;

14, 17: sic in semet ipso tantum gloriam habebit et non in altero,

ib. Gal. 6, 4 al. —Hence, alter with a neg., or neg. question and comp., as an emphatic expression (mostly ante-class.; cf.

alius, II. H.): scelestiorem nullum illuxere alterum,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 22:

scelestiorem in terrā nullam esse alteram,

id. Cist. 4, 1, 8:

qui me alter audacior est homo?

id. Am. 1, 1, 1; id. Ep. 1, 1, 24.—

The other, the opposite:

alterius factionis principes,

the leaders of the opposite party, Nep. Pelop. 1, 4 (cf. id. ib. 1, 2:

adversariae factioni): studiosiorem partis alterius,

Suet. Tib. 11. —

In gen., different:

quotiens te speculo videris alterum,

Hor. C. 4, 10, 6: abeuntes post carnem alteram (Gr. heteros, q. v. L. and S. III.), Vulg. Jud. 7.—

In the lang. of augury, euphem. for infaustus, unfavorable, unpropitious, Fest. p. 6 (v. L. and S. Gr. Lex. s. v. heteros, III. 2.).

alterius commonly serves as gen. of alius instead of alīus, Cic. Fam. 15, 1, 1; id. Att. 1, 5, 1; 1, 20, 2; Caes. B. G. 1, 36, 1; Sall. C. 52, 8; Liv. 21, 13, 3; 22, 14, 4; 26, 8, 2; 28, 37, 6 al.; Col. 8, 17, 2; 11, 2, 87; 12, 22, 2; Sen. Ep. 72, 10; 102, 3; id. Ben. 4, 3, 1; id. Ot. Sap. 4, 1; id. Brev. Vit. 16, 2; id. Q. N. 2, 34, 1 al.; Quint. 7, 9, 8; 8, 3, 73 al.; Tac. A. 15, 25; id. H. 2, 90; Plin. Ep. 10, 114, 2; Suet. Caes. 61; id. Tib. 58 al.; Gell. 2, 28 al.—It also stands as correlative to alius:

alius inter cenandum solutus est, alterius continuata mors somno est,

Sen. Ep. 66, 39:

cum inventum sit ex veris (gemmis) generis alterius in aliud falsas traducere,

Plin. 37, 12, 75, § 197; Plin. Pan. 2, 6 (Neue, Formenl. II. p. 216).

[alter], for alias, acc. to Paul. ex. Fest. p. 27 Müll.

scĕlĕro, no perf., ātum, 1, v. a. [id.], to pollute, defile, contaminate, desecrate (in the verb. finit. rare, and only poet.;

syn.: temero, polluo): impia non verita est divos scelerare parentes,

Cat. 64, 405; cf. Stat. Th. 2, 663:

sanguine fauces,

id. ib. 8, 761:

parce pias scelerare manus,

Verg. A. 3, 42:

Cererem,

Juv. 9, 25:

animum,

Sil. 16, 122; cf.:

dextram sanguine,

Stat. Th. 9, 666. —Hence, scĕlĕrātus, a, um, P. a., polluted, profaned by crime.

Lit. (appellatively;

only in the poets): terra,

Verg. A. 3, 60:

terrae,

Ov. P. 1, 6, 29:

limina Thracum,

id. M. 13, 628.—

In partic., as an adj. prop., denoting places where crimes had been committed or criminals punished. So,

Sceleratus Vicus, that part of the Vicus Cyprius, on the Esquiline, in which Tullia, daughter of Servius Tullius, drove over her father ' s corpse, Liv. 1, 48; Varr. L. L. 5, § 159 Müll.; Ov. F. 6, 609; Fest. pp. 332 and 333 Müll.—

Sceleratus Campus, under the city will hard by the porta Collina, where unchaste Vestals were buried alive, Liv. 8, 15; Fest. l. l.; Serv. Verg. A. 11, 206.—

Scelerata sedes, the place of punishment for the wicked in Tartarus, Tib. 1, 3, 67; Ov. M. 4, 455;

also called Sceleratum limen,

Verg. A. 6, 563.—For Scelerata Porta and Castra, v. infra, B. 2. b.—

Transf.

Subjectively, bad, impious, wicked, ac-cursed, infamous, vicious, flagitious; in the masc. subst., a bad, impious, or vicious person; a wretch, miscreant (the predom. signif.; freq. with nefarius, impious, etc.; cf. consceleratus);

of persons: virum sceleratum, facinorosum, nefarium,

Cic. Rep. 3, 17, 27:

deliberantium genus totum sceleratum et impium,

id. Off. 3, 8, 37; id. Mur. 30, 62 (with nefarius); id. Att. 9, 15, 5 (with impurus); Caes. B. G. 6, 13 (with impius); Plaut. Pers. 2, 4, 4; Ter. And. 1, 1, 132; id. Ad. 4, 2, 14; Cic. Cat. 1, 9, 23; Caes. B. G. 6, 34; Sall. C. 52, 36:

facto plus et sceleratus eodem,

Ov. M. 3, 5:

puella,

id. R. Am. 299; Liv. 1, 59; 31, 31; Suet. Ner. 46; Hor. S. 2, 3, 71; 2, 3, 221 al.— Comp.:

homo sceleratior,

Ov. M. 11, 781.— Sup.:

refertam esse Graeciam sceleratissimorum hominum,

Cic. Planc. 41, 98; Sall. J. 14, 2; 31, 12; Liv. 4, 32 et saep.—Of things:

sceleratas ejus preces et nefaria vota cognovimus,

Cic. Clu. 68, 194:

contra patriam scelerata arma capere,

id. Phil. 11, 1, 1; Ov. M. 5, 102:

conjuratio,

Liv. 2, 6:

insania belli,

Verg. A. 7, 461:

caput,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 2, 33:

vox (with inhumana),

Cic. Fin. 3, 19, 64:

consilia,

Vell. 2, 130, 3:

amor habendi,

Ov. M. 1, 131:

munera,

id. ib. 8, 94:

ignes,

id. F. 6, 439.— Comp.:

a sceleratiore hastā,

Cic. Off. 2, 8, 29:

causa parricidii,

Just. 10, 2, 1. — Sup.:

res,

Quint. 3, 8, 45:

fraus humani ingenii,

Plin. 34, 14, 39, § 138.— Poet.:

subit ira sceleratas sumere poenas,

i.e. to take satisfaction for her crimes, Verg. A. 2, 576. —

(As a result of viciousness or criminality; cf. scelus, II. C.) Hurtful, harmful, noxious, pernicious, unhappy, unfortunate, calamitous, etc. (only poet. and in postAug. prose):

teritur sinapis scelerata: qui terunt, oculi ut exstillent, facit,

Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 28:

herba,

App. Herb. 8.— Sup.:

sceleratissimis serpentium haemorrhoidi et presteri,

Plin. 24, 13, 73, § 117:

frigus,

Verg. G. 2, 256:

lues,

Mart. 1, 102, 6:

poëmata,

id. 3, 50, 9 et saep.: MATER, Inscr. Rein. cl. 12, 122; so Inscr. Fabr. p. 237, 631:

PARENTES,

Inscr. Murat. 1187, 2.—

Made hurtful, i. e. poisoned:

scelerata sucis spicula,

Sil. 3, 272.—

As an adj. prop.

Scelerata Porta, the gate (also called Porta Carmentalis) through which the three hundred Fabii marched on their fatal expedition, Fest. pp. 334 and 335 Müll.; Serv. Verg. A. 8, 337; Flor. 1, 12, 2.—

Scelerata Castra, the camp in which D. Drusus died, Suet. Claud. 1.—Hence, adv.: scĕlĕrātē (acc. to B. 1.), impiously, wickedly, nefariously (Ciceronian):

peccavi scelerateque feci,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 2:

facere (with audacter),

id. Sull. 24, 67:

dicere (opp. pie),

id. Mil. 38, 103:

susceptum bellum,

id. Cat. 1, 10, 27.— Comp.:

sceleratius,

Vulg. Ezech. 16, 52. — Sup.:

sceleratissime machinatus omnes insidias,

Cic. Sest. 64, 133.

centŭrĭa, ae, f. [centum], orig., an assemblage or a division consisting of a hundred things of a kind; hence in gen., any division, even if it consists not of a hundred.

In agricult., a number of acres of ground, Varr. L. L. 5, 4, 10, § 35; cf. id. R. R. 1, 10 fin.; 18, 5; Col. 5, 1, 7; Hyg. Lim. p. 154 Goes.—

In milit. lang., a division of troops, a century, company:

centuriae, quae sub uno centurione sunt, quorum centenarius justus numerus,

Varr. L. L. 5. 16, 26, §

88, p. 26 Bip.: centuriae tres equitum, Ramnenses, Titienses, Luceres,

Liv. 1, 13, 8: in legione sunt centuriae sexaginta, manipuli triginta, cohortes decem, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 4, 6; cf. Veg. Mil. 2, 13 sq.; Caes. B. C. 1, 64; 3, 91; Sall. J. 91, 1.—

Of the Roman people, one of the one hundred and ninety-three orders into which Servius Tullius divided the Roman people according to their property, a century, Cic. Rep. 2, 22, 39 sq. Moser; Liv. 1, 43, 1 sq.; cf. Dion. Halic. 4, 16 sq.; Nieb. Röm. Gesch. 1, p. 477 sq.—Hence the assemblies in which they voted acc. to centuries were called comitia centuriata;

v. 1. centurio. The century designated by lot as voting first was called centuria praerogativa,

Cic. Planc. 20, 49; v. praerogativus; cf. Dict. of Antiq.

circus, i, m., = kirkos [kindr. with krikos; Dor. kirkos, and korônê; cf.: kulindeô, kullos, cirrus, curvus].

A circular line, circle, in astronomy (less freq. than circulus): quot luna circos annuo in cursu institit, Att. ap. Non. p. 20, 28:

circus lacteus,

the Milky Way, Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 15, 2; cf.:

candens circus, Lacteus hic notatur,

Cic. Arat. 248 (492):

illum incolunt locum... erat autem is splendidissimo candore inter flammas circus elucens,

id. Rep. 6, 16, 16 B. and K.:

globus et circi zonaeque ac fulgida signa,

Mart. Cap. 6, § 583.—

Circus Maximus, and more freq. kat exochên Circus, the oval circus built by Tarquinius Priscus between the Palatine and Aventine hills, which could contain more than one hundred thousand spectators. It was surrounded by galleries three stories high, and a canal called Euripus. Through its whole length, in the middle, a wall four feet high and about twelve broad was built, called spina, at the ends of which there were three columns upon one base (meta), around which the combatants were required to pass seven times before the prize was awarded. In the middle of the spina, Cæsar erected the obelisk, 132 feet high, brought from Egypt; cf. Dion. Hal. 3, 68; Dict. Antiq. p. 252 sqq.;

Becker, Antiq. 1, p. 467 sq.—Passages with Circus Maximus,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 153 Müll.; id. R. R. 3, 13, 3; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 59, § 154; Vitr. 3, 3, 5; Liv. 1, 35, 8 sqq.; Ov. F. 2, 392; Plin. 30, 15, 24, § 102; Suet. Ner. 25; 27; Gell. 5, 14, 5 al.—

Circus Magnus,

Ov. F. 6, 477; Plin. 36, 9, 14, § 71.—Most freq. only Circus, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132; Cic. Leg. 2, 15, 38; id. Mur. 34, 72 sq.; id. Phil. 2, 43, 110; Liv. 1, 36, 2; 42, 10, 5; Tac. H. 1, 4; Quint. 1, 6, 45; Suet. Caes. 39; id. Aug. 43; 74; id. Calig. 18 et saep.—In or around the Circus many jugglers and soothsayers, etc., stationed themselves;

hence, Circus fallax,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 113; Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132; Suet. Aug. 74:

Circus clamosus,

Mart. 10, 53, 1; cf. Juv. 3, 65. —Besides the Circus Maximus, there were at Rome still other Circi, among which the most celebrated was the Circus Flaminius in the ninth region, Varr. L. L. 5, § 154; Cic. Att. 1, 14, 1; id. Planc. 23, 55; id. Sest. 14, 33; Liv. 27, 21, 1; 28, 11, 4; Plin. 34, 3, 7, § 13;

called only Circus,

Ov. F. 6, 205; 6, 209; cf. Becker, Antiq. 1, p. 598;

and the Circus Vaticanus, begun by Caligula and finished by Nero,

Plin. 16, 40, 76, § 201:

in Vaticani Gai et Neronis principuus circo,

id. 36, 11, 15, § 74.—Also, without the walls of Rome, Circus maritimus, Liv. 9, 42, 11.—

Hence, Circensis, e, adj., pertaining to the Circus: ludi, the contesls in the Circus Maximus, also called ludi magni (Liv. 4, 27, 2; 5, 19, 6; 22, 9, 10 al.; cf. Baumg.Crus. [p. 344] ad Suet. Aug. 23), Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 15, § 33; Suet. Ner. 7; 11:

ludicrum, the same,

Liv. 44, 9, 3.—Hence, Circensis pompa, Suet. Claud. 11.—Also absol.: Circenses, ium, m. (sc. ludi; cf.

Neue, Formenl. 1, p. 458): edere,

Suet. Caes. 39; id. Calig. 18:

committere,

id. Claud. 21:

spectare,

id. Aug. 45:

Circensium die,

id. Dom. 4:

plebeii, prepared by the ediles annually in November,

id. Tib. 26.—

Transf., any race-course, Verg. A. 5, 109; 5, 289; 5, 551; Sil. 16, 313; 16, 323; Stat. Th. 6, 247.—

Meton., the spectators in the circus, Sil. 16, 535.

circus, i, m., = kirkos [kindr. with krikos; Dor. kirkos, and korônê; cf.: kulindeô, kullos, cirrus, curvus].

A circular line, circle, in astronomy (less freq. than circulus): quot luna circos annuo in cursu institit, Att. ap. Non. p. 20, 28:

circus lacteus,

the Milky Way, Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 15, 2; cf.:

candens circus, Lacteus hic notatur,

Cic. Arat. 248 (492):

illum incolunt locum... erat autem is splendidissimo candore inter flammas circus elucens,

id. Rep. 6, 16, 16 B. and K.:

globus et circi zonaeque ac fulgida signa,

Mart. Cap. 6, § 583.—

Circus Maximus, and more freq. kat exochên Circus, the oval circus built by Tarquinius Priscus between the Palatine and Aventine hills, which could contain more than one hundred thousand spectators. It was surrounded by galleries three stories high, and a canal called Euripus. Through its whole length, in the middle, a wall four feet high and about twelve broad was built, called spina, at the ends of which there were three columns upon one base (meta), around which the combatants were required to pass seven times before the prize was awarded. In the middle of the spina, Cæsar erected the obelisk, 132 feet high, brought from Egypt; cf. Dion. Hal. 3, 68; Dict. Antiq. p. 252 sqq.;

Becker, Antiq. 1, p. 467 sq.—Passages with Circus Maximus,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 153 Müll.; id. R. R. 3, 13, 3; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 59, § 154; Vitr. 3, 3, 5; Liv. 1, 35, 8 sqq.; Ov. F. 2, 392; Plin. 30, 15, 24, § 102; Suet. Ner. 25; 27; Gell. 5, 14, 5 al.—

Circus Magnus,

Ov. F. 6, 477; Plin. 36, 9, 14, § 71.—Most freq. only Circus, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132; Cic. Leg. 2, 15, 38; id. Mur. 34, 72 sq.; id. Phil. 2, 43, 110; Liv. 1, 36, 2; 42, 10, 5; Tac. H. 1, 4; Quint. 1, 6, 45; Suet. Caes. 39; id. Aug. 43; 74; id. Calig. 18 et saep.—In or around the Circus many jugglers and soothsayers, etc., stationed themselves;

hence, Circus fallax,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 113; Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132; Suet. Aug. 74:

Circus clamosus,

Mart. 10, 53, 1; cf. Juv. 3, 65. —Besides the Circus Maximus, there were at Rome still other Circi, among which the most celebrated was the Circus Flaminius in the ninth region, Varr. L. L. 5, § 154; Cic. Att. 1, 14, 1; id. Planc. 23, 55; id. Sest. 14, 33; Liv. 27, 21, 1; 28, 11, 4; Plin. 34, 3, 7, § 13;

called only Circus,

Ov. F. 6, 205; 6, 209; cf. Becker, Antiq. 1, p. 598;

and the Circus Vaticanus, begun by Caligula and finished by Nero,

Plin. 16, 40, 76, § 201:

in Vaticani Gai et Neronis principuus circo,

id. 36, 11, 15, § 74.—Also, without the walls of Rome, Circus maritimus, Liv. 9, 42, 11.—

Hence, Circensis, e, adj., pertaining to the Circus: ludi, the contesls in the Circus Maximus, also called ludi magni (Liv. 4, 27, 2; 5, 19, 6; 22, 9, 10 al.; cf. Baumg.Crus. [p. 344] ad Suet. Aug. 23), Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 15, § 33; Suet. Ner. 7; 11:

ludicrum, the same,

Liv. 44, 9, 3.—Hence, Circensis pompa, Suet. Claud. 11.—Also absol.: Circenses, ium, m. (sc. ludi; cf.

Neue, Formenl. 1, p. 458): edere,

Suet. Caes. 39; id. Calig. 18:

committere,

id. Claud. 21:

spectare,

id. Aug. 45:

Circensium die,

id. Dom. 4:

plebeii, prepared by the ediles annually in November,

id. Tib. 26.—

Transf., any race-course, Verg. A. 5, 109; 5, 289; 5, 551; Sil. 16, 313; 16, 323; Stat. Th. 6, 247.—

Meton., the spectators in the circus, Sil. 16, 535.

quā̆drans, antis ( gen. plur. quadrantūm, Front. Aquaed. 24), m. [quattuor].

A fourth part, a fourth, a quarter:

operae,

Col. 2, 4, 8:

diei noctisque,

Plin. 18, 25, 57, § 207. —

In partic.

A fourth part, a fourth of a whole:

creditoribus quadrantem solvi,

Vell. 2, 23, 2:

heres ex quadrante,

of the fourth part of the inheritance, Suet. Caes. 83; cf. Plin. Ep. 5, 7, 1; Dig. 44, 4, 17, § 2; Ulp. Frag. 24, 32.—

The fourth part of an as (as a coin), three unciae:

nota in triente et quadrante rates (fuit). Quadrans antea teruncius vocatus a tribus unciis,

Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 45:

quadrans mihi nullus est in arcā,

not a farthing, not a copper, Mart. 2, 44, 9; Liv. 3, 18, 11; Juv. 1, 121.—As the customary price of a bath (cf. quadrantarius):

dum tu quadrante lavatum Rex ibis,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 137; cf. Sen. Ep. 86, 8; Juv. 6, 446.—As the smallest coin, a mite, farthing, Hor. S. 2, 3, 93; Juv. 7, 8; Vulg. Matt. 5, 26; id. Marc. 12, 42.—

Of the rate of interest, four for a hundred:

usurae quadrantes,

four per cent., Dig. 33, 1, 21.—

As a measure of land, a quarter of an acre (jugerum), Col. 5, 1, 10. —

As a weight, a quarter of a pound, Mart. 11, 105, 1.—With pondo:

amomi pondo quadrans,

Col. 12, 20, 5; Cato, R. R. 84, 1:

quadrans pondo bacarum,

Plin. 23, 8, 80, § 156. —

As a measure for liquids, the fourth part of a sextarius, three cyathi:

ita ut earum calices quadrantes octoginta capere possint,

Varr. R. R. 3, 14, 4:

quadrantem duplicare,

Mart. 9, 94, 2:

vini,

Cels. 3, 15.—

As a measure of length, a quarter of a foot:

pedes duodecim et quadrantem,

Gell. 3, 10, 11; 9, 4, 10; cf. Cato, R. R. 18, 2; 18, 6.— A quarter-digit, Front. Aquaed. 25.—

As a measure of time, a fourth of a day, six hours, Sol. 1, 39; 1, 41 sq.